Exploring Georgia's Natural History
  • Home: Georgias Fossils
  • 1: Georgia's Oldest Fossils; Archaeocyathids, At 513 Million Years Old
  • 2: Trilobites; 500 Million Years Ago
    • 2A; Murray County Stromatolites
    • 2B; A Trilobite Nest in Georgia
  • 3: Geologic Time
  • 4: Georgia's Oldest Vertebrate?
  • 5: NW Georgia, 488 to 300 million years ago
    • 5A; Georgia’s Pennsylvanian Plant Fossils
    • 5B: Carpentertypus durhami, Georgia’s Giant Insect, 315 Million Years Ago
    • 5C: Mississippian Trilobites in Northwest Georgia Describing the New Species Australosutura georgiana
    • 5D: Crinoids & Blastoids Of Northwest Georgia
    • 5E; Fossil Locations of Northwest Georgia
    • 5F: Pennsylvanian Plant Fossils of NW Georgia
    • 5G; Ordovician Invertebrates of Northwest Georgia
    • 5H: Trace Fossils in NW Georgia’s Metamorphic Rock
  • 6: 200 Million Years Ago
    • 6A: Birth of the Atlantic Ocean
  • 7: Cretaceous Georgia, Dinosaurs & more
    • 7A: Georgias Pterosaur
    • 7B: So Many Sharks
    • 7C: Coelecanths
    • 7D: Xiphactinus vetus
    • 7E: Side-necked turtles
    • 7F: Marine Reptiles
    • 7G: Dinosaurs in Georgia
    • 7H: Deinosuchus schwimmeri in Recognition of Dr. David Schwimmer
    • 7I; The Blufftown Formation
    • 7J: New Species of Cretaceous Flowers Reported From Crawford County
    • 7K: Field Trip, Chattahoochee River Valley 1980
    • 7L: The Eutaw Formation
    • 7M: The Pio Nono Formation
    • 7N: Plant Fossils of Crawford County, GA
    • 7O; 1914 Report Georgia Plant Fossils From the Upper Cretaceous
    • 7P: Bill Montante's Mega "Gator" Tooth Discovery
  • 8: Suwannee Current, Gulf Trough, & Bridgeboro Limestone
  • 9: 60 million years ago, The Paleocene's Clayton Formation, A Report; By Hank Josey
    • 9A: The Georgia Turtle
    • 9B; Sassafras Hill Quarry Huber Formation Plant Fossils in Kaolin
  • 10: The Eocene; Georgia's Oldest Mammals
    • 10A: The Origins of Whales
  • 11: A Whale For Georgia
  • 12: Basilosaurids; The First Modern Whales
    • 12A: Basilosaurus cetoides
    • 12B: Basilotritus
    • 12C: Cynthiacetus (Revised)
    • 12D: Chrysocetus
    • 12E: The Redmond Mandible of Albany Ga
    • 12F: The Tivola Whale; From Houston County to the Smithsonian
  • 13: Ziggy and The Museum of Arts & Sciences, Macon, GA
  • 14: Late Eocene
    • 14A: Eocene Fossils & Stratigraphy
    • 14B; Fossils, Impacts, & Tektites Dating the Clinchfield Formation
    • 14C: The Tivola Limestone
    • 14C1: Oldest Oreodont in the Southeast & Georgia's first!
    • 14D: Twiggs Clay Vertebrates
    • 14E: Ocmulgee Formation Vertebrates
    • 14F; Sandersville Limestone, By Hank Josey
    • 14I: Dating Late Eocene Sediments
    • 14J: Georgia's Tektites; Georgiaites
    • 14K; Shell Bluff; Georgia's Most Historic Paleontology Site
    • 14L; Taylors Bluff, Paleo Paddling the Ocmulgee River
    • 14M; Eocene Terrestrial Mammals From Gordon, GA
    • 14N: Fossil Ridge, A Stratigraphic Study in Oaky Woods Wildlife Management Area
    • 14O; Georgia's First Entelodont
    • 14P: Historic Rich Hill
    • 14Q; Bibb County's Christy Hill, Clinchfield Formation Hilltop
    • 14R: Browns Mount, The Fall Line, Elevations, Uplifts, & Native Middle Georgians
  • 15: Early Oligocene
    • 15A: The Marianna Limestone
    • 15B; The Glendon Limestone
    • 15C: Undiffereniated Oligocene Residuum
    • 15D; Brissus bridgeboroensis; A New Echinoid Species From Georgia’s Bridgeboro Limestone
    • 15E: The Curious Steinkern Sea Biscuits of Red Dog Farm Road
    • 15F: Early Oligocene Gordian Knot
  • 16: Bonaire GA Entelodont
  • 17: The Whale Eating Shark
  • 18: Miocene Epoch; 23.3 to 5.3 Million Years Ago
    • 18A; Miocene Terrestrial Vertebrates
    • 18B; Paul Fell, Rockhouse Cave
    • 18C: The Marks Head Formation
    • 18D: Miocene Terrestrial Vertebrates of the Marks Head Formation
    • 18E: The Statenville Formation
    • 18F: Georgia’s 13 Million Year Old Dugong Metaxytherium calvertense
    • 18G: Gastropod Gulch, Julia Gardner, & Miocene Invertebrates In Decatur County
    • 18H; Bony Bluff, Rocky Ford, Echols County In Southernmost Georgia
    • 18I: Decatur County Fossils & Natural History
    • 18J; Decatur County Vertebrates, FLMNH
  • *NEW* 18K; A Large Tegu-Like Lizard, Middle Miocene, Climate Optimum, Decatur County, GA
  • 19: Pliocene Epoch; 5.3 to 2.5 Million years Ago
    • 19A: Two Small Primitive Horses from Taylor County Advance the Science of Georgia Geology
  • 20: The Pleistocene & Holocene Epochs, The Ice Ages
    • 20A; Clark Quarry's Mammoths & Bison
    • 20B: Pleistocene Vertebrate List
    • 20C: Georgia’s Eolian Dunes
    • 20D: Georgia’s Carolina Bays
    • 20E: Late Pleistocene Significant Events
    • 20F: Southeastern Thermal Enclave
    • 20G; Diamond Back Terrapins
    • 20H; A Kaolin Mine Beaver Dam
    • 20I; Pleistocene Vertebrate Fossils On Georgia’s Piedmont
    • 20J; Watkins Quarry Pleistocene Vertebrates, Glynn County, GA
    • 20K: Pleistocene Vertebrates from Coastal Georgia
    • 20L; Sandy Run Creek Core, Warner Robins, Houston County, GA
    • 20M: Bone Bed, Pleistocene, Coastal Georgia
    • 20N: Caribou & Elk Fossils from Georgia & Alabama
    • 20O; Tapir Veroensis, Walker County, Late Pleistocene
    • 20P; Ladds , School Teachers, Pleistocene Vertebrates, Bartow County, GA
    • 20Q; Chet Kirby, Glynn County, GA Pleistocene & Miocene-Pleistocene
  • 21: Humans in Georgia
  • 22A: Echinoids of Georgia, Cenozoic Era (Sand Dollars & Urchins)
    • 22B: Echinoids of Georgia, Cenozoic, By County
  • 23A; Exploring the Paleontology of Southernmost Georgia
    • 23B; Seminole County
    • 23c: Grady County Blowing Caves, Forest Falls, Fossils & Natural History
  • 24: Georgia's Meteorites
    • 24A: Did I Find A Meteorite?
    • 24B: Georgia's Lost Meteorite
    • 24C: The Sardis Iron, Georgia's Largest Meteorite
  • 25: Dr. Burt Carter, Georgia Southwetsern, Professor Invertebrate Paleontologist, Emeritus
    • 25A; Burt Carter, Uniformitarianism
    • 25B; Burt Carter, Inclusions
    • 25C; Burt Carter, Superposition
    • 25D; Burt Carter, Principal of Horizonality
    • 25E, Burt Carter, Cross Cutting
    • 25F; Burt Carter, Deep Time
    • 25G; Burt Carter, Fossil Succession
  • 26: Paul F. Huddlestun Coastal Plain Core Logs
    • 26A: Late Eocene & Older... Coastal Plain Stratigraphy
    • 26B: Gulf Trough Cores, Colquitt County, by Paul Huddlestun
    • 26C; Washington County Core Logs By Paul Huddlestun
    • 26D: Coastal Plain Core Logs by Paul F. Huddlestun
  • 27: Science, Georgia Research
    • 27A: Coastal Plain Correlation Chart
    • 27B: Physiographic Map of Georgia
    • 27C: Collections & Stewardship of Georgia’s Fossils
    • 27D: Needed; The Georgia Geologic Survey
    • 27E: GA County Localities, Houston County
    • 27F: Trace Fossils on the Coastal Plain
    • 27G: Georgia’s Decapod Fossils
    • 27H: Georgia Vertebrates in the Florida Museum of Natural History
  • 28: Educational Matetrial For Georgia Classrooms
    • 28A: Oaky Woods Stratigraphy, PowerPoint
    • 28B: Fossils of Oaky Woods
    • 28C: I, Periarchus (A Fossil's Tale)
    • 28D: The Tivola Whales (April 2023 talk to the Mid-Georgia Gem & Mineral Society)
    • 28E: Georgiacetus Presentation; A Whale for Georgia
    • 28F: My Field Kit; What You Need In The Field
    • 28G: Meet Crassostrea gigantissima, Georgia's Historic Giant Oyster
    • 28H: The Natural History & Fossils Record of Houston County, GA
    • 28I: Evidence for Evolution in Georgia's Fossil Record... A look at Teeth
    • 28J: Georgia's State Fossil; Shark Teeth
    • 28K; An Introduction To Fossils; Presentation
    • 28L: Library & School Presentations
    • 28M: Georgia's Paleontology For Georgia's Classrooms

18J: Decatur County,
Georgia’s Miocene Vertebrates
In The

Florida Museum of Natural History
 
By Thomas Thurman
12/Feb/2026

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This page began with a lively Facebook debate between me and Joseph Branin, an established commercial fossil hunter and member of Georgia’s Fossils Group who works deposits in North Florida and South Georgia.
 
We were arguing whether the Miocene elephant-relative Gomphotherium occurred in Georgia. I argued that it did not, I was aware of no mention of it in the paleo literature. Joseph maintained that he’d personally collected Gomphotherium teeth in South Georgia’s rivers.

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Joseph, I concede the point. While Gomphotherium isn’t recorded in the literature, a database search of the Florida Museum of Natural History shows multiple Georgia specimens, from Decatur County, Georgia, housed in their collection and identified by some of the leading paleontologist in the nation. They’ve never been published, there’s a host of unpublished Georgia fossils in the Florida museum. In the museum’s defense, they have a large collection and few hands, and most of those hands are busy with Florida fossils. That’s understandable, to my knowledge no Georgia funding flows into the museum.  

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The Florida Museum of Natural History (FLMNH) is housed at the University of Florida in Gainesville. It’s simply the largest, best organized, best funded and best equipped natural history museum in the Southeast. A solid staff. A large collection with a detailed, free access, online database.

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 FLMNH Collecting sites in Decatur County.
Except for Climax Cave, all of these locations are within 5 miles of each other, and the fossils occur in the same formation, no evidence of secondary deposits were reported, so it is assumed here that they represent a resident population.
 
Climax Cave
  • Just north of Climax, Georgia, produced a single Myliobatis magister (eagle ray) dental plate, dated to the Oligocene, discovered by the Florida Speleological Society.
Crescent Lake Quarry
  • Near Attapulgus, Crescent Lake Quarry produced 77 specimens across 44 taxa, an unusually high population of large bear dogs as well as wild dogs, it was a predator rich environment. Giant tortoises were present as well as many early horses, rhinoceroses, peccaries, and hoofed deer-like mammals.
Gragg Quarry
  • Just southeast of Attapulgus, Gragg Quarry has been reclaimed, the land is reforested, and the fossils beds are generally no longer accessible. 327 specimens were recovered across 70 taxa. Two Gomphotherium teeth were recovered, as well as a river dolphin tooth, marsupial teeth, giant salamander vertebra, rhinoceros, tegu-like lizard, early horses, and many others. The population of predators seemed less than in the Crescent Lake Quarry.
  • The marsupial teeth are interesting. These sediments are at least 14.0 million years old. The teeth were ID’d as from the family Didelphidae, marsupials commonly known as opossums which includes the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) our Georgia species. The Virginia opossum is thought to have come into Central and South America after the Central American land  bridge was completed 3 million years ago with the rising of Panama, but the marsupial family Didelphidae is well represented across North America during the Miocene.
  • Gragg Quarry sediments have been confidently dated to between 14.8 & 14.0 million years old, for our purposes here we’ll use an approximate date of 14.4 million years. Since the Willacoochee Mine and the Crescent Lake Quarry were working the same Torreya Formation it is assumed that their fossils have a similar age.  ​
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Willacoochee Mine
  • Just southwest of Attapulgus and just north of the Florida line, Willacoochee Mine produced 11 taxa and 17 specimens. They are biased heavily towards shark teeth though some freshwater turtle fossils were also recovered.
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Gratitude
I want to thank the Florida museum for their efforts, they are collecting, researching, and preserving many Georgia fossils which Georgia has long ignored. For well over a century there’ve been reports in Georgia’s geologic literature of ample vertebrate & invertebrate material in South Georgia that no Georgia state office, university, or natural history museum has investigated. Most of this is Miocene, but older and more recent fossils are also present. I’m glad so many were recovered and are now safely housed. It’d be a shame for this material to be lost to weathering. 
 
More than just these Decatur County fossils, the FLMNH has accepted fossils and research documents from retiring Georgia paleontology professors as well as retired researchers who worked for the Georgia Geological Survey. Georgia made no effort to preserve and archives research it funded.

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The Florida museum’s significant vertebrate collection from Decatur County, Georgia is transcribed here since the Paleobiology Database (PBDB), which is the unofficial fossil record archive, does not include unpublished fossils listed in museum databases. The PBDB only list fossils published in peer reviewed journals.
 
This doesn’t diminish the value of the Paleobiology Database, it is a vital tool which is steadily growing and being added to, but there is more to the story. First of all, a global database is a huge undertaking. Secondly, there are many natural history museums which have no database of their collection, including museums here in Georgia. ​
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​Databases
The FLMNH has separate Vertebrate and Invertebrate Databases, here we’re covering the vertebrates from Decatur County only. There’ll be a separate page for other locations and invertebrate pages.
 
Link to the FLMNH vertebrate database. Web Portal
Link to the FLMNH Invertebrate database. Web Portal
Link to the Paleobiology Database. PBDB Navigator
 
By transcribing the fossils here, they will come up on internet searches as occurring in Georgia. This page is intended as part of an ongoing effort to fill out Georgia’s record.
 
I’ll soon be adding material that the FLMNH collected from other South Georgia counties.
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Climax Cavern Vertebrate 
Decatur County, GA
Location as given by FLMNH; 1.2 miles NW Climax, Georgia. West side of Salem Church Road.

Scientific Name                    Common Name        County           Specimen       Collector
Myliobatis magister           Ray                             Decatur          Dental plate  Fl.Spel Soc.
 
This fossil was collected by the Florida Speleological Society


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Geologic Setting
Miocene, Toreyya Formation

In 2025 Jason R. Bourque and Edward L. Stanley reported on a single thoracic vertebra from a Tegu-like lizard, Wautaugategu formidus, found in Gragg Quarry. This would have been a medium to large sized lizard perhaps a meter or more in length, we’ll look at the report in detail on another page.
 
In this paper Bourque and Stanley describe the geologic setting of the Gragg Quarry vertebrates and date the fossils to the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum warmest period in the Miocene, this is when the Torreya Formation was deposited. They report that the sediments were dated biochronologically using both microscopic fossil (likely forams) and larger fossils, these placed the sediments in the of the Barstovian 2 North American Stage (North American Land Mammal Age), they were able to further refine this to between 14.8 and 14.0 million years ago. Again, we’ll use 14.4 million years here. 

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Except for the Climax Cave shark tooth, which is Oligocene in age, all of the fossils reported on the page came from the Torreya Formation.      
 
The researchers reported a paleoenvironment representing a coastal fluvial deposit with a mixture of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial vertebrates. Fluvial means river related. This would have been the Paleo-Chattahoochee River Delta. Due to a very warm climate sea levels were at a high point with Florida largely submerged except for some small islands along the Brooksville Ridge and a series of islands along the border of Georgia and Alabama.  ​

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Crescent Lake Quarry Vertebrates,
Decatur County, GA
Location given by FLMNH; 1.9 miles SW of Attapulgus GA, 1.6 miles SE of the intersection of state Hwy 309 and Faceville-Attapulgus Rd, and 2.27  miles NNE of the intersection of state Hwy 309 and State Hwy 241.
 
Collectors marked as FLMNH represents Florida Natural History Museum Staff the actual collector is unknown.
 
Scientific name                    Common name        County           Specimen       Collector
Acritohippus isonesus         Horse family             Decatur          Teeth              Poyer
Acritohippus isonesus         Horse family             Decatur          Molar             FLMNH
Amphicyon ingens               Large bear dog          Decatur          Skull               Bloch
Amphicyon ingens               Large bear dog          Decatur          Vertebra        Bloch
Amphicyon ingens               Large Bear Dog         Decatur          Tibia               Mihalik
Amphicyon ingens               Large bear dog          Decatur          Wrist bone    FLMNH
Amphicyon ingens               Large bear dog          Decatur          Tooth             Shockey Anchitherium clarencei        Browsing horse        Decatur          Mandible      Cale
Equidae Merychippus         Three toed horse      Decatur          Molar             Mihalik
Equidae Parahippus
            Small horse               Decatur          Upper Jaw    Bloch
Hemipristis serra
                 Snaggletooth shark Decatur           Tooth             FLMNH
Merychippus primus           Horse family             Decatur          Molar             FLMNH
Teleoceras medicornutum Rhinoceros                Decatur          Mandible       Poyer
Genus; Alligator                   Alligator                    Decatur          Assorted        Hulbert
Genus; Aphelops                  Hornless Rhino        Decatur          Wrist Bone    Cale
Genus; Blastomeryx           Musk Deer                 Decatur          Mandible       Bloch
Genus; Blastomeryx           Musk deer                  Decatur          Molar             Hulbert
Genus; Bouromeryx            Deer-like animal      Decatur          Mandible      Hulbert
Genus; Carcharhinus          Requiem Shark        Decatur          Tooth             FLMNH
Genus; Hesperotestudo      Giant Tortoise          Decatur          Epiplastron   Mihalik
Genus; Hesperotestudo      Giant tortoise           Decatur          Skull bone     FLMNH
Genus; Lepisosteus              Fish, Gar                   Decatur          Scale               Hulbert
Genus; Merychippus           Early horse               Decatur          Teeth              Shockey
Genus; Negaprion               Requiem shark         Decatur          Tooth             Cale
Genus; Paratoceras            Deer-like animal      Decatur          Heel bone      Bloch
Genus; Paratoceras            Deer-like mammal  Decatur          Mandible        Mihalik
Genus; Paratoceras            Deer-like mammal  Decatur          Mandible       Hulbert
Genus; Pseudemys              Freshwater turtle     Decatur         Neural            Hulbert
Family;  Amphicyonidae    Bear Dog                    Decatur          Tibia               Mihalik
Family; Camelidae              Camel                         Decatur          Bones             Bloch
Family; Camelidae              Camel                         Decatur          Jaw w/teeth  Mihalik
Family; Canidae                  Wild dog family        Decatur          Tibia               Bloch
Family; Canidae                  Wild dog family        Decatur          Partial Skull  Cale
Family; Canidae                  Wild dog family        Decatur          Premolar       Chester
Family; Canidae                  Wild dog family        Decatur          Mandible       Hulbert
Family; Canidae                  Wild dog family        Decatur          Mandible       Hulbert
Family; Dromomerycidae Deer-like animal       Decatur          Mandible       Chester
Family; Equidae                   Horse family             Decatur          Leg bone       Hulbert
Family; Equidae                   Horse family             Decatur          Metacarpal   Bloch
Family; Equidae                   Horse family             Decatur          Metacarpal   FLMNH
Family; Rhinocerotidae      Rhinoceros               Decatur           Femur            Mihalik
Family; Rhinocerotidae      Rhinoceros               Decatur          Teeth              FLMNH
Family; Rhinocerotidae      Rhinoceros               Decatur          Tooth             FLMNH
Family; Tayassuidae            Peccary                      Decatur          Foot bone      Cale
Family; Tayassuidae            Peccary                      Decatur          Ankle bone    Mihalik
Family; Tayassuidae            Peccary                      Decatur          Molar              Poyer
Family; Tayassuidae            Peccary                      Decatur          Mandibles      Poyer
Order; Artiodactyla             Hoofed Mammal      Decatur          Femur             Bloch
Order; Artiodactyla             Hoofed mammal      Decatur          Foot bone       FLMNH
Order; Artiodactyle             Hoofed mammal      Decatur          Wrist bone     Mihalik
Order; Artiodactyla             Hoofed mammal      Decatur          Vertebra         Mihalik
Order; Artiodactyla             Hoofed mammal      Decatur          Femur             Poyer
Class; Chondrichthyes        Cartili. Fish               Decatur          Vertebra         Cale
Class; Mammalia                 Unknown                  Decatur          Vertebra          Cale
Class; Osteichthyes             Bony fish                   Decatur          Dorsal spine   Bloch

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​Gragg Mine, Vertebrates
Decatur County. GA
Location as given by FLMNH: 3.48 air miles SE of Attapulgus, .71 miles due South of Amsterdam, Georgia, 3.91 miles NW of where State Hwy 27 crosses Florida Line.
 
Scientific name                    Comon name            County           Specimen       Collector
Amblycastor fluminis         Extinct beaver          Decatur          Premolar       Mihalik
Batrachosauroides dissimulans…
                                                 Giant Salamander   Decatur          Vertebra        Mihalik
Calippus circulus                 Horse-like                 Decatur          Premolar       Hoffman
Calippus circulus                 Early horse                Decatur         Premolar       Mihalik
Calippus proplacidus          Horse family             Decatur         Molar             Mihalik
Calippus proplacidus          Early horse                Decatur         Molar             Mihalik
Hemipristis serra                Weasel shark            Decatur          Tooth             Mihalik
Pomatodelphis inaequalis  River dolphin          Decatur          Tooth             Hoffman
Wautaugategu formidus    Tegu-like lizard       Decatur          Vertebra        Hoffman
Genus; Alligator                   Gator                         Decatur          Vertebra        Hoffman
Genus; Amphiuma               Amphiumas              Decatur          Vertebra        Poyer
Genus; Amphiuma               Amphiumas              Decatur          Vertebra        Hoffman
Genus; BatrachosauroidesSalamader                 Decatur          Vertebra        Hoffman
Genus; BatrachosauroidesSalamander               Decatur          Vertebra         Poyer
Genus; Blackia                     Flying squirrel          Decatur          Molar             Hoffman
Genus; Copemys                  Small rodent             Decatur          Molar             Poyer
Genus; Carcharhinus          Requiem shark         Decatur          Tooth             Hoffman
Genus; Galeocerdo              Ground shark           Decatur           Tooth             Mihalik
Genus; Gomphotherium    Early Elephant          Decatur          Molar             Mihalik
Genus; Gomphotherium    Early Elephant          Decatur          Partial tooth Mihalik
Genus; Hypolagus               Extinct rabbit           Decatur          Premolar       Poyer
Genus; Jimomys                  Pocket gopher           Decatur          Premolar       Hoffman
Genus; Jimomys                  Rodent                       Decatur          Molar             Poyer
Genus; Lagodon                   Pinfish                       Decatur          Tooth             Poyer
Genus; Lantanotherium    Hedgehog family      Decatur         Molar             Hoffman
Genus; Lantanotherium    Moonrat                     Decatur          Molar             Poyer
Genus; Lepisosteus             Gar                               Decatur          Scale              Hoffman
Genus; Monosaulax            Beaver family            Decatur          Tooth            Poyer
Genus; Notophthalmus      Newt                            Decatur          Vertebra       Poyer
Genus; Nototamias             Ground squirrel        Decatur          Molar            Hoffman
Genus: Nototamias             Ground squirrel        Decatur          Molar            Poyer
Genus; Ophisaurus              Glass Lizard              Decatur          Scale              Poyer
Genus; Paradomnina          Shrew                         Decatur          Molar            Poyer
Genus; Perognathus           Pocket mouse            Decatur          Molar            Poyer
Genus; Pseudaelurus          Early cat                     Decatur          Paw bone     Mihalik
Genus; Teleoceras               Rhinoceros                Decatur          Premolar      Mihalik
Genus; Texomys                  Pocket gopher           Decatur          Cheektooth  Hoffman
Genus; Texomys                  Rodent                        Decatur          Molar             Poyer
Family; Anguidae                Lizard (Legless?)      Decatur          Osteoderm    Poyer
Family; Camelidae              Camel family             Decatur          Molar             Mihalik
Family; Camelidae              Camel family             Decatur          Footbone       Mihalik
Family; Cricetidae               Small rodent             Decatur          Molar              Hoffman
Family; Didelphidae            Marsupial                 Decatur          Molar              Poyer
Family; Dromomerycidae   Deer-like animal     Decatur          Molar             Mihalik
Family; Emydidae               Terrapin                     Decatur          Costal bone   Hoffman
Family; Equidae                   Horse Family            Decatur          Molar             Hoffman
Family; Equidae                   Horse family             Decatur          Footbone       Mihalik
Family; Erinaceidae            Hedgehog family      Decatur          Molar             Hoffman
Family; Heteromyidae        Small rodent             Decatur          Molar             Poyer
Family; Kinosternidae        Freswater turtle       Decatur          Premolar       Hulbert
Family; Kinosternidae        Freshwater turtle     Decatur          Dentary         Poyer
Family; Leporidae               Rabbit or hare          Decatur           Cheektooth   Hoffman
Family; Leptomerycidae    Deer-like animal      Decatur           Ankle bone   Mihalik
Family; Mustelidae             Otter/weasel             Decatur           Molar             Hoffman
Family; Mylagaulidae         Squirrel-like rodentDecatur           Premolar       Poyer
Family; Mylagaulidae         Squirrel-like rodentDecatur           Cheektooth   Hoffman
Family; Rhinocerotidae      Rhinoceros               Decatur           Premolar       Mihalik
Family; Soricidae                 Shrew                        Decatur           Dentary         Hoffman
Family; Tayassuidae           Peccary                      Decatur           Foot bone      Hoffman
Family; Testudinidae          Tortoise                     Decatur           Tail vertebra Hulbert
Family; Trionychidae          Soft shell turtule      Decatur          Costal bone   Hoffman
Order; Anura                        Frog or toad              Decatur           Leg joint        Poyer
Order; Chiroptera                Bat                              Decatur           Premolar       Poyer
Order; Chiroptera                Bat                              Decatur           Dentary         Hoffman
Order; Chiroptera                Bat                              Decatur           Premolar       Hoffman
Order; Ferae                         Mammal                    Decatur           Molars           Poyer
Order; Proboscidae             Elephant family        Decatur          Cheektooth   Hoffman
Order; Rodent                      Unidentified             Decatur           Cheektooth   Poyer
Order; Squamata                 Lizard                         Decatur          Skull frag       Poyer
Class; Aves                            Bird                             Decatur          Limb bone     Poyer

Picture

Willacoochee Mine Vertebrates
Decatur, Georgia
Location, 5.3 miles SE of Faceville, GA and 5.6 miles SW of Attapulgus, GA., south side of Drane Smith Rd & 300 yards north of the Florida state line.
 
Scientific Name                    Common name        County           Specimen       Collector
Galeocerdo aduncus            Tiger shark                Decatur          Tooth             Perez
Hemipristis serra                 Weasel shark            Decatur          Tooth             Perez
Sphyraena barracuda        Great barracuda       Decatur          Tooth             Perez
Genus; Aetobatus                 Eagle ray                    Decatur          Tooth             Perez
Genus; Carcharhinus          Requiem shark         Decatur          Tooth             Perez
Genus; Isurus                       Mackerel shark         Decatur          Tooth             Perez
Genus; Negaprion               Lemon shark             Decatur          Tooth             Perez
Genus; Sphyrna                   Hammerhead            Decatur          Tooth             Perez
Family; Amphiumidae        Salamander               Decatur          Vertebra        Perez
Family; Kinosterniade        Mud turtle                 Decatur          Peripheral     Perez
Family; Myliobatidae          Eagle or manta ray  Decatur          Tooth             Perez
Order; Testudines               Turtle                          Decatur          Peripheral     Ziegler

Picture

​Decatur County,  Climax Cavern
  • Genus & Species; Myliobatis magister
    • Eagle Ray
    • Collector; Fl. Speleological Society
    • Site; Climax Cavern
    • Epoch; Oligocene
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 2930 (upper dental plate)

Picture

​Decatur County, Crescent Lake Mine
  • Acritohippus isonesus
    • Horse family
    • Collector; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 223080 (molar), 223081 (molar)
  • Acritohippus isonesus
    • Horse family
    • Collector; Art Poyer
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 223063 (Teeth)
  • Amphicyon ingens
    • Large bear dog
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221662 (Tibia)
  • Amphicyon ingens
    • Large bear dog
    • Collector; Johnathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 223060 (Partial skull & teeth)
  • Amphicyon ingens
    • Large bear dog
    • Collectors; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 3
    • Catalog# 223068 (wrist bone), 223069 (wrist bone), 223070 (kneecap)
  • Amphicyon ingens
    • Large bear dog
    • Collector; Jonathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244021 (Tail vertebra)
  • Amphicyon ingens
    • Large bear dog
    • Collector; Bruce J. Shockey
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244532 (Incisor tooth)
  • Anchitherium clarencei
    • Browsing horse
    • Collector; Tabitha Cale
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 223064 (mandible with teeth)
  • Equidae Merychippus
    • Horse family
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 211655 (Molar)
  • Equidae Parahippus
    • Small horse
    • Collector; Jonathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244019 (Partial upper jaw with teeth)
  • Hemipristis serra
    • Snaggletooth shark
    • Collector; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog#; 221674 (Tooth)
  • Merychippus primus
    • Horse family
    • Collector; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 223082 (molar)
  • Teleoceras medicornutum
    • Barrell bodied rhinoceros
    • Collector; Art Poyer
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# Mandible with teeth
  • Genus; Alligator
    • Alligator
    • Collector; Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 244148 (osteoderm), 244149 (Ostederm), 244150 (dentary w8 teeth)
  • Genus; Aphelops
    • Hornless Rhinoceros
    • Collector; Tabitha Cale
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 223067 (Wrist bone)
  • Genus; Blastomeryx
    • Musk Deer ancestor
    • Collector; Jonathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221664 (Mandible with teeth)
  • Genus; Blastomeryx
    • Musk deer
    • Collector; Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244154 (molar)
  • Genus; Bouromeryx
    • Deer-like animal but genus is currently contested
    • Collector; Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    •  Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244143 (Mandible with teeth)
  • Genus; Carcharhinus
    • Requiem Shark
    • Collector; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221675 (Tooth)
  • Genus; Hesperotestudo
    • Giant land tortoise
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 221654 (Epiplastron), 221709 (foot bone)
  • Genus; Hesperotestudo
    • Giant tortoise
    • Collector; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 223077 (skull bone), 223078 (skull bone)
  • Genus; Lepisosteus
    • Fish, includes gar
    • Collector; Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244152 (scale)
  • Genus; Merychippus
    • Early horse
    • Collector; Bruce J. Shockey
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244533 (teeth)
  • Genus; Negaprion
    • Requiem shark
    • Collector; Tabitha Cale
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244531 (Tooth)
  • Genus; Paratoceras
    • Hoofed, deer-like mammal
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog#; 221659 (Mandible)
  • Genus; Paratoceras
    • Deer-like mammal
    • Collector; Jonathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221665 (Heel bone)
  • Genus; Paratoceras
    • Deer-like mammal
    • Collector Richard C. Hulbert Jr
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221671 (Mandible)
  • Genus; Pseudemys
    • Freshwater turtle
    • Collector; Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244151 (Neural)
  • Family; Amphicyonidae
    • Bear dog family
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog#; 221661 (tibia)
  • Family; Camelidae
    • Camel
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221657 (Mandible with 2 molars)
  • Family; Camelidae
    • Camel
    • Collector; Jonathan I. Bloch & Bruce Shockey
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244020 (Several bones), 244523 (several bones)
  • Family; Canidae
    • Greater dog family
    • Collector; Jonathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221669 (tibia)
  • Family; Canidae
    • Dog family
    • Collector; Stephen G. B. Chester
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 223061 (premolar)
  • Family; Canidae
    • Dog family
    • Collector; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 223062 (Mandible with teeth)
  • Family; Canidae
    • Dog family
    • Collector; Tabitha Cale
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 223065 (Skull, partial & associated), 223066 (leg bone)
  • Family; Canidae
    • Wild dog family
    • Collector; Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    •  Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 241147 (mandible with tooth), 244153 (molar)
  • Family; Dromomerycidae
    • Deer-like mammal
    • Collectors; Stephen G. B. Chester & Jonathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 4
    • Catalog# 244524 (Mandible w/teeth), 244525 (Mandible w/teeth), 244526 (tibia), 244527 (phalanx),
  • Family; Equidae
    • Collector; Jonathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 221667 (metacarpal), 221667 (Vertebra)
  • Family; Equidae
    • Collector; Richard C. Hulbert
    •  Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244144 (leg bone), 244145 (leg bone)
  • Family: Equidae
    • Horse family
    • Collectors; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 223071 (premolar), 223072 (premolar)
  • Family; Rhinocerotidae
    • Rhinoceros species
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221656 (Partial femur)
  • Family; Rhinocerotidae
    • Rhinoceros
    • Collectors; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 3
    • Catalog# 223073 (molar), 223074 (molar), 223075 (molar)
  • Family; Rhiocerotidae
    • Rhinoceros
    • Collector; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 223079 (premolar)
  • Family; Tayassuidae
    • Peccary
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221658 (ankle bone)
  • Family; Tayassuidae
    • Peccary
    • Collector; Art Poyer
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221670 (molar)
  • Family; Tayassuidae
    • Peccary
    • Collector; Art Poyer
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244017 (both mandibles with several teeth)
  • Family; Tayassuidae
    • Collector; Tabitha Cale
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244528 (Foot bone)
  • Order; Artiodactyla
    • Hoofed mammal
    • Collector; FLMNH Crew
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 3
    • Catalog# 223076 (foot bone)
  • Order; Artiodactyla
    • Hoofed mammal
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog#221660 (wrist bone)
  • Order; Artiodactyla
    • Mammal
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 221663 (Vertebra), 221708 (foot bone)
  • Order; Artiodactyla
    • Even toed hoofed mammal
    • Collector; Art Power
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221672 (Femur)
  • Order; Artiodactyla
    • Hoofed mammal
    • Collector; Richard C. Hulbert
    •  Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 244146 (vertebra),24415 (Up jaw with teeth)
  • Order; Artiodactyla
    • Even toed hoofed mammal
    • Collector; Jonathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221673 (Femur)
  • Class; Chondrichthyes
    • Unknown cartilaginous fish
    • Collector; Tabitha Cale
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244530 (Vertebra)
  • Class; Osteichthyes
    • Bony fish
    • Collector; Jonathan I. Bloch
    • Site; Crescent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 221666 (Dorsal spine)
  • Class; Mammalia
    • Unknown
    • Collector; Tabitha Cale
    • Site; Cresent Lake Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 244529 (Thoracic Vertebra)

Gragg Mine Vertebrates
Decatur County, GA
  • Amblycastor fluminis
    • Extinct beaver
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 217575 (premolar)
  • Batrachosauroides dissimulans
    • Extinct Giant Salamander
    • Collector; R. Mihalik, J. Hoffman, & R. Hulbert
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 217589 (Partial vertebra)
  • Calippus circulus
    • Early Horse
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 217582 (premolar)
  • Calippus circulus
    • Extinct hoofed mammal
    • Collector; J. M. Hoffman, & A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
  • Calippus proplacidus
    • Horse famiy
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 217573 (Molar), 333980 (premolar), 333981 (molar)
  • Calippus proplacidus
    • Early horse
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 217583 (molar), 217584 (premolar)
  • Hemipristis serra
    • Weasel shark
    • Collectors; Collectors; David P. Mihalik, Jonathan M. Hoffman, Jeremy Green, Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554600 (tooth)
  • Pomatodelphis inaequalis
    • River dolphin
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554689
  • Wautaugategu formidus
    • Tegu-like large lizard
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 546657 (Vertebra)
  • Genus; Alligator
    • Gator
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554927 (vertebra), 554928 (tooth)
  • Genus: Alligator
    • Gator
    • Collectors; Art Poyer; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Jonathan M. Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554711 (tooth crown)
  • Genus; Amphiuma
    • Collectors; Poyer, Hulbert, Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 6
    • Catalog# 546636 (Vertebra), 546637 (Vertebra), 546638 (Vertebra), 546639 (Vertebra), 546640 (Vertebra), 546641 (Vertebra)
  • Genus; Amphiuma
    • Amphiumas
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 546652 (Partial Vertebra)
  • Genus; Batrachosauroides
    • Giant salamander
    • Collectors; Poyer, Hulbert, Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 546635 (Partial vertebra)
  • Genus; Batrachosauroides
    • Giant salamander
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 4
    • Catalog# 546653 (Partial Vertebra), 546654 (Partial Vertebra), 546655 (Partial vertebra), 546656 (Partial Vertebra)
  • Genus; Blackia
    • Small flying squirrel
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 547032 (molar)
  • Genus; Copemys
    • Small rodent
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 18
    • Catalog# 546913 (molar), 546914 (molar), 546915 (molar), 546916 (molar),546917 (molar), 546918 (molar), 546919 (molar), 546920 (molar), 546921 (molar), 546922 (molar), 546923 (molar), 546924 (molar), 546925 (molar), 546926 (molar), 546927 (molar), 546928 (molar), 546929 (molar), 546930 (molar)
  • Genus; Carcharhinus
    • Requiem shark
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 554598 (tooth), 554599 (tooth)
  • Genus; Galeocerdo
    • Ground shark
    • Collectors; David P. Mihalik, Jonathan M. Hoffman, Jeremy Green, Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554601 (Partial tooth)
  • Genus; Gomphotherium
    • Early Elephant
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 216932 (Molar)
  • Genus; Gomphotherium
    • Early elephant
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 217579 (Tooth fragment), 217580 (molar)
  • Genus; Hypolagus
    • Extinct rabbit, between rabbit & hare sized.
    • Collectors; Art Poyer; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Jonathan M. Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554718
  • Genus; Jimomys
    • Rodent
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 9
    • Catalog# 546931 (Molar), 546932 (Molar), 546933 (Molar), 546934 (Molar), 546935 (Molar), 546936 (Molar), 546937 (Molar), 546938 (Molar), 546939 (Molar)
  • Genus; Jimomys
    • Pocket gopher
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 18
    • Catalog# 547046 (premolar), 547047 (premolar), 547048 (premolar), 547049 (premolar), 547050 (premolar), 547051 (premolar, water-worn), 547052 (molar), 547053 (molar), 547054 (molar), 547055 (molar), 547056 (molar), 547057 (molar), 547058 (molar), 547059 (molar), 547060 (molar), 547061 (molar), 547062 (molar), 547063 (molar)
  • Genus; Lagodon
    • Pinfish
    • Collectors; Art Poyer; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Jonathan M. Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554713 (tooth)
  • Genus; Lantanotherium
    • Hedgehog? (insectivore)
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 5
    • Catalog# 546905 (Molar), 546906 (Molar), 546907 (Molar), 546908 (Molar), 546909 (Molar)
  • Genus; Lantanotherium
    • Hedgehog? (insectivore)
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 3
    • Catalog# 547004 (Molar), 547005 (Molar), 547006 (Molar),
  • Genus; Lepisosteus
    • Gar
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554597 (Scale)
  • Genus; Monosaulax
    • Collector; Art Poyer, J. Hoffman, & R. Hulbert
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 333978 (tooth frag), 333979 (tooth frag)
  • Genus; Notophthalmus
    • Newt
    • Collectors; Poyer, Hulbert, Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 10
    • Catalog# 546642 (Vertebra), 456643 (Vertebra), 456644 (Vertebra), 456645 (Vertebra), 456646 (Vertebra), 456647 (Vertebra) 456648 (Partial Vertebra), 456649 (Partial Vertebra), 456650 (Partial Vertebra), 456651 (Vertebra)
  • Genus; Nototamias
    • Ground Squirrel
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 13
    • Catalog# 547033 (molar), 547034 (molar), 547035 (molar), 547036 (molar), 547037 (molar), 547038 (molar), 547039 (molar), 547040 (molar), 547041 (molar), 547042 (molar), 547043 (molar), 547044 (molar), 547045 (molar
  • Genus; Nototamias
    • Extinct ground squirrel
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 546996 (Molar), 546997 (Molar), 546998 (Molar)
  • Genus; Ophisaurus
    • Glass lizard
    • Collectors; Art Poyer; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Jonathan M. Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 4
    • Catalog# 554706 (scale), 554707 (scale), 554708 (scale), 54709 (Scale)
  • Genus; Paradomnina
    • Shrew
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 3
    • Catalog#546910 (Molar), 546911 (Molar), 546912 (Molar)
  • Genus; Perognathus
    • Pocket mouse
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 32
    • Catalog# 546949 (Premolar), 546950 (Premolar), 546951 (Premolar), 546952 (Premolar), 546953 (Molar), 546954 (Molar), 546955 (Molar), 546956 (Molar), 546957 (Molar), 546958 (Molar), 546959 (Molar), 546960 (Molar), 546961 (Molar), 546942 (Molar), 546963 (Premolar), 546964 (Premolar), 546965 (Premolar), 546966 (Premolar), 546967 (Premolar), 546968 (Molar), 546969 (Molar), 546970 (Molar), 546971 (Molar), 546972 (Molar), 546973 (Molar), 546971 (Molar), 546975 (Molar), 546976 (Molar), 546977 (Molar), 546978 (Molar), 546979 (Molar), 546980 (Molar)
  • Genus; Pseudaelurus
    • Early cat
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 217576 (Paw bone)
  • Genus; Teleoceras
    • Rhinoceros
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 217581 (premolar)
  • Genus; Texomys
    • Rodent
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 9
    • Catalog# 546940 (Molar), 546941 (Molar), 546942 (Molar), 546943 (Molar), 546944 (Molar), 546945 (Molar), 546946 (Molar), 546947 (Molar), 546948 (Molar)
  • Genus; Texomys
    • Pocket gopher
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 9
    • Catalog# 547064 (cheektooth), 547065 (cheektooth), 547066 (cheektooth), 547067 (cheektooth), 547068 (cheektooth), 547069 (cheektooth), 547070 (cheektooth), 547071 (cheektooth), 547072 (cheektooth)
  • Family; Anguidae
    • Lizard family
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 3
    • Catalog# 546659 (Osteoderm), 546660 (Osteoderm), 546661 (Ostederm)
  • Family; Camelidae
    • Camel family
    • Collector; David P. Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 33892 (molar)
  • Family; Camelidae
    • Collectors; David P. Mihalik, Jonathan M. Hoffman, Jeremy Green, Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 54602 (footbone)
  • Family; Cricetidae
    • Small rodent
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 67
    • Catalog# 547073 (molar), 547074 (molar), 547075 (molar), 547076 (molar), 547077 (molar), 547078 (molar), 547079 (molar), 547080 (molar), 547081 (molar), 547082 (molar), 547083 (molar), 547084 (molar), 547085 (molar worn), 547086 (maxilla with molar), 547087 (molar), 547088 molar), 547089 (molar), 547090 (molar), 547091 (molar), 547092 (molar), 547093 (molar), 547094 (molar), 547095 (molar), 547096 (molar), 547097 (molar), 547098 (molar), 547099 (molar), 547100 (molar), 547101 (molar), 547102 (molar), 547103 (molar), 547104 (molar), 547105 (molar), 547106 (molar), 546107 (molar), 547108 (molar), 547109 (molar), 547110 (molar), 547111 (molar), 547112 (molar), 547113 (molar), 547114 (molar), 547115 (molar), 547116 (molar), 547117 (molar), 547118 (molar), 547119 (molar), 547120 (molar), 547121 (molar), 547122 (molar), 547123 (molar), 547124 (molar), 547125 (molar), 547126 (molar), 547127 (molar), 547128 (molar), 547129 (molar), 547130 (molar), 547131 (molar), 547132 (molar), 547133 (molar), 547134 (molar), 547135 (molar), 547136 (molar), 547137 (molar), 547138 (molar), 547139 (molar)
  • Family; Didelphidae
    • Marsupial (Opossum?)
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 546903 (Molar), 546904 (Premolar)
  • Family; Dromomerycidae
    • Deer-like animal
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 217585 (molar)
  • Family; Emydidae
    • Terrapin
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 4
    • Catalog# 554921 (shell costal), 554922 (shell costal), 554923 (shell peripheral), 554924 (shell neural)
  • Family; Equidae
    • Horse family
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 554593 (molar), 554593 (foot bone)
  • Family; Equidae
    • Horse family
    • Collectors; David P. Mihalik, Jonathan M. Hoffman, Jeremy Green, Richard C. Hulbert
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog#55603 (footbone)
  • Family; Erinaceidae
    • Hedgehog?
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 547007 (Molar)
  • Family; Heteromyidae
    • Small rodent, mostly arid environments
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 16
    • Catalog# 546981 (Premolar), 546982 (Molar), 546983 (Cheektooth), 546984 (Cheektooth), 546985 (Cheektooth), 546986 (Cheektooth), 546987 (Cheektooth), 546988 (Cheektooth), 546989 (Cheektooth), 546990 (Cheektooth), 546991 (Cheektooth), 546992 (Cheektooth), 546993 (Cheektooth), 546994 (Cheektooth),  547001 (Cheektooth), 547002 (Premolar)
  • Family; Kinosternidae
    • Freshwater turtle
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 546658 (dentary)
  • Family; Kinosternidae
    • Mud turtle
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554926 (shell costal)
  • Family; Kinosternidae
    • Freshwater turtle
    • Collectors; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Art Poyer; Jonathan M. Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554910 (ear bone)
  • Family; Leporidae
    • Rabbit or hare
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554691 (Cheektooth)
  • Family; Leptomerycidae
    • Small deer-like animal
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 217578 (ankle bone)
  • Family; Mustelidae
    • Otter/weasel family
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 547003 (Molar)
  • Family; Mylagaulidae
    • Squirrel-like rodent, includes some beavers
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 546995 (Premolar)
  • Family; Mylagaulidae
    • Squirrel-like rodent
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554690 (Cheektooth)
  • Family; Rhinocerotidae
    • Rhinoceros
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 217574 (Premolar)
  • Family; Soricidae
    • Shrew
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 547009 (dentary & molars)
  • Family; Tayassuidae
    • Peccary
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554595 (foot bone)
  • Family; Tayassuidae
    • Peccary
    • Collector; Robert Mihalik
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 217577 (Molar)
  • Family; Testudinidae
    • Tortoise
    • Collectors; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Jonathan M. Hoffman; David P. Mihalik; Jeremy L. Green
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 9
    • Catalog# 554911 (tail vertebra), 554912 (shell costal bone), 554913 (shell plastron), 554914 (neural bone), 554915 (shell peripheral bone), 554916 (shell peripheral bone), 554917 (shell costal bone), 554918 (shell costal bone), 554919 (shell costal bone)
  • Family; Trionychidae
    • Softshell turtle
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 554920 (Shell costal fragment), 554925 (shell costal)
  • Order; Anura
    • Frog or toad
    • Collectors; Art Poyer; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Jonathan M. Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 14
    • Catalog#554692 (leg joint), 554693 (hip bone), 554694 (hip bone)554695 (hip bone), 554696 (hip bone), 554697 (hip bone), 554698 (hip bone), 554699 (hip bone), 554700 (hip bone), 554701 (hip bone), 554702 (humerus), 554703 (vertebra), 554704 (vertebra), 554705 (vertebra)
  • Order; Chiroptera
    • Bat family
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 547008 (Dentary)
  • Order; Chiroptera
    • Bat
    • Collectors; Jonathan M. Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 4
    • Catalog# 554685 (premolar), 554686 (premolar), 554687 (premolar), 554688 (premolar)
  • Order; Chiroptera
    • Bat
    • Collectors; Art Poyer; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Jonathan M. Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 554715 (premolar), 554716 (premolar)
  • Order; Ferae
    • Mammal, probably carnivore
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 546902 (Molars)
  • Order; Proboscidae
    • Elephant family
    • Collectors; Jonathan Hoffman, A. Zimmerman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
  • Order; Rodent
    • Rodent
    • Collectors; Art Poyer, Richard Hulbert, Jonathan Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 2
    • Catalog# 546999 (Cheektooth), 547000 (Cheektooth) 544596 (Cheektooth fragment)
  • Order; Squamata
    • lizard
    • Collectors; Art Poyer; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Jonathan M. Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554710 (Skull frag with teeth)
  • Class; Aves
    • Bird
    • Collectors; Art Poyer; Richard C. Hulbert Jr.; Jonathan M. Hoffman
    • Site; Gragg Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 554712 (limb bone)

​Willacoochee Mine
Decatur County
  • Galeocerdo aduncus
    • Tiger shark
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453370 (tooth)
  • Hemipristis serra
    • Extinct weasel shark
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453368 (tooth), 453382 (tooth)
  • Sphyraena barracuda
    • Great barracuda
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453376 (tooth)
  • Genus; Aetobatus
    • Eagle ray
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog#453374 (tooth)
  • Genus; Carcharhinus
    • Requiem shark
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453372 (tooth), 453381 (tooth)
  • Genus; Isurus
    • Mackerel shark
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453367 (tooth)
  • Genus; Negaprion
    • Lemon shark
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453369 (tooth)
  • Genus; Sphyrna
    • Hammerhead
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453371 (tooth)
  • Family; Amphiumidae
    • Amphiuma salamander
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453365 (vertebra)
  • Family; Kinosterniade
    • Mud turtle
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453366 (2 Peripheral Shell bones)
  • Family; Myliobatidae
    • Eagle or manta ray
    • Collector; Victor Perez
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453373 (tooth)
  • Order; Testudines
    • Turtle
    • Collector; Michael Ziegler
    • Site; Willacoochee Mine
    • Epoch; Middle Miocene, Torreya Fm,
      • NALMA; Barstovian
    • Qty 1
    • Catalog# 453473 (peripheral bone)

References
  • Bourque, Jason R.; Stanley, Edward L.; A Tegu-like Lizard (Teiidae, Tupinambinae) from the Middle-Miocene Climatic Optimum of the Southeastern United States. Journal of Paleontology; 99 (1), 177-191, 2025
  • Huddlestun, Paul F; A Revision of the Lithostratigraphic Units of the Coastal Plain of Georgia, Miocene through Holocene; Georgia Geologic Survey, Bulletin 104, 1988, Pg 55
  • Didelphidae family; Animal Diversity Wed, American opossums and opossums.